Modern TypeScript Patterns
TypeScript continues to evolve, and with it come new patterns that make our code safer and more expressive. Here are the patterns we use most at Ruzora across our FastAPI integrations and Next.js frontends.
Discriminated Unions
Discriminated unions are one of the most powerful patterns in TypeScript. They allow you to model complex state machines with compile-time safety.
type Result<T> =
| { status: 'success'; data: T }
| { status: 'error'; error: string }
| { status: 'loading' }The compiler narrows the type based on the status field, giving you autocomplete and type checking at every branch.
Branded Types
Branded types prevent mixing up primitive values that represent different things. At Ruzora, we use them to distinguish user IDs from candidate IDs from payment IDs.
type UserId = string & { __brand: 'UserId' }
type CandidateId = string & { __brand: 'CandidateId' }Zero runtime cost, full compile-time safety.
Template Literal Types
Template literal types let you create string types that follow specific patterns — perfect for API routes, event names, and configuration keys.
type APIRoute = `/api/${string}`
type EventName = `on${Capitalize<string>}`
